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Movement programs for overweight and obesity influencing.
Křišťan, Zdeněk ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Čechovská, Irena (referee)
1 Abstract Title: Movement programs to affect overweight and obesity in children Objectives: The aim of the work is to design an exercise programme to reduce the weight of overweight or obese children with varying current levels of exercise skills based on exercise history. Methods: The information, data and knowledge of the chosen issues were sought by researching the scientific literature of Czech and foreign publications, I obtained further information by studying selected professional articles, from internet sources, the PubMed website and other available publications, according to identified keywords in the title and text - for example, children, obesity, exercise activities, skills, etc. The criteria also included the authors' expertise on the subject. Another inclusion criterion was obesity, prevention and movement of children, while the exclusionary criterion was adult obesity. Results: On the basis of a literary research, I have prepared a proposal for an exercise program where physical skills have a clear influence on the implementation of physical activity. Program is prepared for mildly obese children falling in elementary school age, impaired posture, no medical complications, with basic exercise skills from school physical education and no regular exercise training. I set up an exercise a...
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Motor skills and obesity in children
Křišťan, Zdeněk ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Čechovská, Irena (referee)
Title: Children's Motor Skills and Obesity Objectives: The aim of the work is evaluate the effect of motor skills on obesity and to process data on obesity, exercise activities and to highlight the positive influence of exercise activities on children's body weight. Then, from this material, draw up a guide for movement intervention for an obese child of younger school age, which will have a positive effect on his weight reduction. Methods: The information, data and knowledge of the chosen issues were sought by researching the scientific literature of Czech and foreign publications, I obtained further information by studying selected professional articles, from internet sources, the PubMed website and other available publications, according to identified keywords in the title and text - for example, children, obesity, exercise activities, skills, etc. The criteria also included the authors' expertise on the subject. Another inclusion criterion was obesity, prevention and movement of children, while the exclusionary criterion was adult obesity. Results: On the basis of a literary research, I have prepared a proposal for an exercise program where physical skills have a clear influence on the implementation of physical activity. Program is prepared for mildly obese children falling in elementary...
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Prenatal and Perinatal Risk Factors of Childhood Obesity
Šmídová, Radka ; Pejšová, Hana (advisor) ; Chrpová, Diana (referee)
Diploma thesis is divided into a theoretical and practical part. I dedicated the theoretical part not only to prenatal and perinatal obesity risk factors, but also to diagnosis, management, health complications and prevention. In the practical part, I described the outcomes of the questionnaire survey dedicated to the mothers of children aged 1-7 years. The aim of this thesis was to find out the occurrence of selected risk factors for childhood obesity. I found out that in my study group, there were some risk factors represented in relatively small quantity (for example smoking during pregnancy, smoking during breastfeeding, gestational diabetes mellitus). Other risk factors, such as mother's or father's obesity were frequent. Some risk factors for childhood obesity are obvious, while others have not yet been proved to be directly related to obesity. However, we can certainly suggest, that the healthy parents' weight, alcohol and nicotine abstinence and exclusive breastfeeding at least until the end of fourth month of life are the factors beneficial not only for the health of the child. Key words: childhood obesity; diet during pregnancy; nutritional programming; obesity prevention; obesity risk factors
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Příjem potravy, energetická rovnováha, obezita
Polášková, Tereza
This work focuses on food intake, energy balance and obesity. And it gives an overview of the current problems and habits of obesity. In the first part, we focus on energy metabolism, where we focus on energy output and energy intake. In the second part, we begin to look at obesity from a general perspective. Both historical and application of methods to assess obesity. In the following chapters, the etiology, epidemiology, occurrence and causes of obesity are discussed in detail. The last and the biggest part of the thesis deals with treatment, complications associated with obesity and prevention. The aim of this work is to familiarize with food intake, energy balance and obesity. Analyze food intake and energy metabolism, then show the consequences of food intake and this is reflected in the obesity chapter.
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The influence of nutrition on the incidence of obesity among children aged 10 - 15 years.
Svobodová, Hana ; Hučko, Boris (advisor) ; Markéta , Markéta (referee)
The main aim of this thesis was identify nutritional status, especially the incidence of overweight and obesity among children aged 10 - 15 years and evaluate the qualitative and quantitative aspects of eating, eating habits and regularity of eating in relationship to physical parameters. This research deals with the frequency and type of physical activity, which is also an integral part of a healthy lifestyle. The research was conducted at children´s department in Klaudián´s hospital in Mladá Boleslav, in the presence of person, who was carried out this research. Data collection was carried out by filling questionnaires and real measurements of physical parameters or using data measured in the doctor´s office. Obtained anthropometric data were analyzed by using percentile graphs. Questions regarding eating and physical activities were evaluated separately. It was found that 16,25 % of the 80 examined individuals were overweight and 22,50 % obese. It was found that the BMI and subsequent inclusion in the percentile graphs correlates well with the values of the waist circumference.The link between diet and the prevalence of overweight or obesity was not proven. The most commonly consumed inappropriate nutrition component are sweetened beverage. Half of individuals do physical activity at least 3 times a week. H1 hypothesis, which assumed the prevalence of obesity among examined individuals greater than 13 % was confirmed. It also was confirmed hypothesis H3, which was supposed to sweetened drinks daily drinking less than one third of respondents. Other hypotheses H2 and H4 were rejected.The research confirmed the current trend of increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. At the same time, there was found deficiency in the quality of consumed food and the frequency of physical activity. Nutrition and principles of healthy eating are not the only one cause of this problem, although they have large share on development of overweight and obesity.
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The potentialities of nurses' action in the tertiary prevention of obese children
PFEFFEROVÁ, Miroslava
Theoretical basis: Obesity negatively influences quality of children's lives and its high prevalence is a worldwide problem. Obesity is a multifactorial disease and influences exogenous and genetic factors. Exogenous factors can affect directly on an obese individual and can be delimited by personal anamnesis. Health risks associated with obesity are high and so it is important to focus on treatment of obesity in childhood. In that age it is possible to change unhealthy habits and influence children's life styles.
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Prevention and approaches to obesity in childhood
LUDVÍKOVÁ, Nikola
The main goal of the bachelor thesis called Prevention of and Approaches to Obesity in Childhood is to calculate and compare calories in food consumed by two different groups of children for a period of 14 days. The first group comprises children with the BMI value greater than 90th centile (obese or overweight children) and the condition for the other group is the BMI value lower than 75th centile (normal weight children). Another goal of the thesis is to compare the overall eating habits and physical activities of the individuals and to create recommendations for the obese individuals if a change is needed. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on occurrence of obesity both in the Czech Republic and worldwide, classification and diagnosis, types, risk factors, therapy and prevention of obesity. A well-balanced diet for children and rules for proper eating habits are dealt with in this part of the thesis, too. Great influence of the life-style of the whole family on occurrence of obesity and overweight in children is highlighted here. The qualitative research method conducted by means of recording every meal by 24 selected children from the South Bohemian Region for a period of 14 days was used to prepare the research part. The data were collected in the period from January to April 2013; 12 obese patients of the paediatric consulting room in Třeboň and 12 respondents selected according to the corresponding age and sex were involved in the research. The information was collected from the children themselves, possibly from their parents. The calculations of the calories in the individual meals were processed by the ?Nutriservis Profesional? programme. Recording sheets to record meals and drinks during the period of measurement were used to evaluate calorie intake. The filled-in meal recording sheets were collected two weeks after these had been distributed to the research participants. The data were processed with the ?Microsoft Excel? computer programme using computing relations and its functions. Afterwards, the respondents? responses were processed and evaluated with the ?Nutriservis Profesional? programme. The processed data have been interpreted in form of a simple text and descriptive statistics. The results suggest two main differences in the eating habits of the two examined groups. One of them is regular eating and the other one is meal composition; there is a big difference in physical activities, too. As for the obese children, they often have irregular and unbalanced eating habits, do no physical activities and eat mainly fat and fried meals. Only several children differ from these criteria. The eating habits of normal weight children are various. The only common characteristic is regular physical activity. Some of the normal weight children eat in a similar way like the obese children, however, despite this the number of children having eating habits suitable to their age, height, sex and nearly following the rules for well-balanced diet prevails. The results show that obesity occurrence is significantly affected by the family anamnesis, i.e. genetics. The genetic predisposition to obesity plays a 40-percent role, however, this can be positively influenced by suitable eating habits and physical activities. The thesis conclusions suggest it is necessary to continually develop knowledge of proper eating habits and healthy life-style in all families, to try develop forms of obesity prevention in all segments of the society and not to believe in all misleading advertisements. ?
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The obesity as an actual problem of today´s society
FRYŠOVÁ, Iveta
This Bachelor Study is on the topic of The obesity as an actual problem of today´s society. Its aim is to summarize the basic topics and questions about the obesity and to show what is the ideal of the body beauty and the body weigh from the view of people who suffer from the obesity, overweight people and also of people with the normal weight. For the research three hypothesis have been set: 1. People suffering from the obesity don´t differ in the point of view of mental representation of the ideal body figure from the common population. 2. The lifestyle of people suffering from the obesity has nothing to do with their conception of the ideal body figure. 3. People suffering from the obesity don´t differ in the point of view of the satisfaction with their body from overweight people. There have been chosen a quantitative {--} qualitative research. The questionnaire was wholly anonymous. The research took place in January and February 2007. First hypothesis was refuted. Second and third hypothesis were confirmed. In my opinion the aim of the Study was accomplished. There are many of TV programmes, books, magazines or web sites that attent to the obesity. The reason is that the number of people who suffer from this disease grows up in whole Europe. The obesity is defined as an excessive physical mass with increased portion of the adipose tissue. It is not only the aesthetic problem. The obesity can cause many health problems, e.g. diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, gynaecologist problems, cardiac or joint diseases. This condition can also have an impact on the human mental sphere and depressions or anxiety can occur. Today ´s ideal of the body beauty is a very thin figure. Women and girls are forced to be on a diet. There are more and more people who just only think that they are overweight or obese. The diet industry has gigantic power to support the idealization of the slimness.
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